Understanding capnography This module explains the basic principles of capnography, discusses EtCO2 waveforms, and how to interpret them in the ventilated patient. Length of Study:…
BIS: fact or fiction BIS or Bispectral monitoring is a relatively new but controversial technology to monitor depth of anaesthesia. This module covers how it…
Anaesthetic machine safety features This module covers the safety features built into the modern anaesthetic machine. With more theatres moving to electronic self-checking machines this…
Awareness under Anaesthesia Awareness during anaesthesia can be very distressing for a patient, particularly if accompanied by recall of the painful nature of surgery. This…
Sickle cell disease Sickle cell disease is a disorder of the blood caused by an inherited abnormal haemoglobin. The abnormal haemoglobin causes distorted (sickled) red…
The fundamentals of arterial lines This module covers the basic principles behind setting up, inserting and monitoring intra-arterial blood pressure lines that an anaesthetic assistant…
Diathermy: the basics Electrosurgery or diathermy has allowed faster operating, reduced blood loss and new surgical techniques. It does have its dangers and its safe…
Latex Allergies Latex allergies can be present in both staff and patients. Perioperative workers have to be aware of the causes and consequences of latex products…
Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement – The physics and principles. Intra-arterial blood pressure measurement is often considered to be the gold standard of blood pressure measurement.…
Surgical smoke: is it safe? Surgical smoke is now recognised as a hazard that is encountered in all operating theatres. Unfortunately, the dangers and health…
Anaesthesia for the patient with a cardiac transplant For patients who have previously received a cardiac transplant, coming to theatre for non-related surgery is no…
Peri-operative Management of Patients on Strong Opioids It is very common to encounter patients on strong opioid medication. These patients present particularly challenging pain management…
Arterial Blood Gas Analysis This module explains how to do a simple easy to understand arterial blood gas analysis. How to use the 5-step approach…
COPD and Anaesthesia Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a commonly encountered respiratory disorder. Patients with COPD pose a challenge to the anaesthetist because intraoperative…
Blood Component Therapy Blood products are any therapeutic substances that are prepared from human blood. These can be classified into blood components (red cell concentrates,…
Paediatric Anaesthetic Emergencies: Pt 2 Paediatric anaesthetic emergencies can happen faster and leave less time to react the in adults. They present complex, potentially life-threatening…
Oxygen Saturations & Pulse Oximetery The pulse oximeter provides an indication of oxygen status in the body. However, the link between a pulse oximeter reading…
Temperature Management in Children Maintenance of normothermia in children under going surgery is challenging. There is clear evidence in adults that even mild intra-operative hypothermia…
Physiological effects of transfer for critically ill patients Critically ill patients can be exposed to significant physiological changes during transfer that can lead to significant instability…
Urea & Electrolytes: a review Urea and electrolytes (U&Es) are the most frequently requested biochemistry tests. They provide useful information about several aspects of health,…
Medical lasers – the basic principles With medical lasers becoming more common within the operating theatre and this module gives an insight into the science…